Шпаргалки По Стилистике
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№06 Identifying People and things: Nouns A noun is used to identify a person or thing. There are 6 main types of noun: 1. Count nouns 2. Incount nouns 3. Singular nouns 4. Plural nouns 5. Collective nouns 6.
Proper nouns (имя собственное) 1. Thing which can be counted: Count nouns Many nouns have 2 forms: the singular (which is used to refer to one person or thing) and the plural form (is used to refer to more than one person).When you use the singular form of a count noun as the subject of a verb you use a singular verb. Example: a dog likes to eat a lot.
When you use the plural form of a count noun as the subject, you use a plural verb Example: dogs like to eat a lot. Count nouns have a determiner (определяющее слово) in front of them, when they are used in the singular (един.число).
When you use the plural form of a count noun to refer to something in general you do not use a determiner. However if you are specifying something you need to use a determiner. For most count nouns the plural form has –s- at the end, which distinguishes it from the singular from. Рабочий по благоустройству территории должностная инструкция. Some count nouns have other differences between the singular and plural forms.
Example: man – men Some count nouns have the same form for the both singular and plural Example: a sheep – nine sheep The nouns of many animals, birds have also 2 forms: singular and plural. However when you are referring to them in context of hunting for when you are saying that there are large numbers it is quit common to use the form without –s- even though you’re referring to several animals or birds. Example: They hunted gazelle gэ’zel Note that the plural form if the verb is used when several animals or birds are the subject of the sentences, even if you use the form without –s- Example: Zebra are a more difficult prey When you’re referring to a small number or to individual trees or plants you usually use the form with –s.
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Things not usually counted: uncount nouns These nouns have only one form are not used with numbers and are not used with the indefinite (неопределенный) article. These nouns are called uncount or uncountable nouns.
After you use an uncount noun, as a subject of a verb, you use a singular form of a verb. Example: money is not very important There are some words, which are uncount nouns in English but which refer to things that are considered counted in other languages. Example: advice; baggage; furniture; hair; homework; information; knowledge; machinery, money; news; progress; research; spaghetti; traffic Although uncount nouns refer to thing which can not be counted and are not used with numbers you often want to refer to an amount of something, which is expressed by uncount noun. Футурама 6,7 сезон торрент.
Sometimes you can do this by putting a general determines, such as: all; enough, little or some in front of the noun. You can also put a quantifier (everything, with –of-) in front of the noun. When you refer to information, you can say if the information, a piece of information etc.
There are also some other nouns, which in one meaning – count and in another - uncount. Some nouns, which end in –s- and look as if there are plural are in fact, uncount nouns.
This means that when they are the subject of a verb, the verb is in the singular form. These nouns refer mainly to subjects of study, activities, games and diseases. Example: Phisics is fun Billiards was replaced by cards; Measles (корь) is in the most cases a harmless disease. Uncounted nouns: acoustics; aerobics; aerodynamics; linguistics; economics; politics; statistics; logistics; billiards; darts; mumps (свинка); diabetes; shingles (опоясывающий лишай). When there is only one of something: Singular nouns There are certain things in the world that are unique. There are the other things which you almost always want to talk about one at a time. This means that there are some nouns or more often some meanings of nouns for which only a singular form is used.
When a noun is used with such a meaning, it is called a singular noun. Singular nouns are always used with a determiner because they behave like the singular form of a count noun. When you use a singular noun as a subject of a verb, you use a singular form of the verb.
Some singular nouns refer to one specific thing and therefore are used with some of these nouns in fact refer to something of which there is only one in the world. Other singular nouns can be used to refer to one thing only when it is obvious from the context, what you are referring to.
Example: If you are in Leeds (Лидс, город) and say: “I work at the University” you will almost certainly mean Leeds University 4. Referring to more than one thing: plural (множественное число) nouns There are some things which are though of as being plural, rather then singular. So some nouns have only a plural form. Example: You can buy goods, but not a good.
These nouns are called plural nouns. Other nouns have only a plural form when they are used in particular (особенный) meaning. Example: An official meeting between American and Russian leaders is usually referred to as folks, rather then a folk.
Шпаргалки По Стилистике Английского Языка
In these meanings, these nouns are also called plural nouns. Note that some plural nouns do not end in –s. Example: clergy (духовность), police; poultry(демонстрация); vermin (паразиты); gentry When you use the plural noun as a subject of the verb, you use a plural form of the verb. Example: The police have arrived Two special groups of nouns are usually plural: 1/ nouns referring to clothes and some other things that people wear 2/ nouns referring to tools and some other things that people use.
Шпаргалки По Стилистике Немецкого Языка
This is because some clothes and scissors, tools, such as trousers are made of two similar parts. Referring to groups: collective (совместный) nouns There are number of nouns in English which refer to a group of people or things. These nouns are called collective nouns they have only one form but mainly collective nouns have other meanings in which they are collect nouns with 2 forms. When you use a collective noun, you can use either a singular verb or a plural verb after it. You choose a singular verb if you think of the group as a single unit, and a plural verb if you think of the group as a number of individuals. Example: The family is an important part of a society.